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Types of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

 There are several different types of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) that are used in computer networks to prevent loops and ensure a loop-free topology. Some of the most common types of STP include:


IEEE 802.1D STP: This is the original and most basic form of STP. It is defined in the IEEE 802.1D standard and is the standard STP implementation found in most networking equipment.


Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP): This is an improved version of STP that provides faster convergence and improved network stability. RSTP is defined in the IEEE 802.1W standard.


Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP): This is an extension of STP that allows multiple independent spanning trees to be used in a single network. MSTP is defined in the IEEE 802.1s standard.


Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+): This is a Cisco proprietary implementation of STP that allows multiple spanning trees to be used, one for each VLAN in the network.


Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol (PVSTP): This is a standard implementation of STP that allows multiple spanning trees to be used, one for each VLAN in the network.


Each type of STP has its own unique features and benefits and is used in different types of networks based on specific requirements and constraints. The most appropriate type of STP for a given network depends on the network's size, complexity, and requirements.

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Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a networking protocol used to prevent loops and ensure a loop-free topology in a network. STP is typically configured on network switches to prevent the formation of loops and to ensure the stability of the network. Here are the steps to configure STP on a switch: Access the switch's command line interface (CLI) using a terminal program like Telnet or SSH. Configure the switch as the root bridge by setting its bridge ID to a lower value than any other switch in the network. The bridge ID is typically a combination of the switch's MAC address and a priority value. Configure the switch's ports. Each port should be configured as either a root port, designated port, or blocked port. The root port is the port that is closest to the root bridge and is used to forward traffic to the root bridge. The designated port is the port that is closest to a downstream switch and is used to forward traffic to that switch. The blocked port is a port that is not
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